Non-canonical roles of lysosomes in neurons
Lysosomes are known for their ‘canonical’ roles in degradation. They also have a range of important ‘non-canonical’ roles in neurons, and are increasingly recognised as complex and heterogeneous organelles.
Lysosomes can transport mRNAs in axons, with links to maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. They are a key site of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling, harbor large intracellular Ca2+ stores, and modulate synaptic plasticity.
Lysosomes form dynamic contact sites with other organelles, including mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, adding further complexity to their signalling roles.
Non-canonical roles of lysosomes are implicated in a range of neurological diseases. Broader insights into neuronal lysosomes may generate new avenues for development of disease treatments, alongside approaches targeting lysosomal degradative pathways.
https://www.cell.com/trends/neurosciences/fulltext/S0166-2236(25)00222-X
