How Pseudomonas aeruginosa evade antibiotic therapy?

Pseudomonas aeruginosa persists through diverse mechanisms, evading antibiotic therapy.
Host–bacteria interactions, not just antibiotic resistance, are key to treatment failure. P. aeruginosa persists through tissue colonization and metabolic changes, helping it to elude antibiotics and immunity.
Immunometabolism – the link between immunity and metabolism – is crucial for infection outcomes and new treatments. P. aeruginosa's adaptability, including becoming less virulent and antibiotic resistant, demands new targeted therapies.
Advanced models such as air–liquid interface cultures and human organoids are transforming P. aeruginosa research, revealing deeper host–pathogen interactions.
https://www.cell.com/trends/microbiology/fulltext/S0966-842X(25)00151-9