What makes genes burst
Transcription in most organisms occurs in discontinuous random pulses, referred to as stochastic transcriptional bursting that underlies several physiological roles and pathological effects.
The interplay of transcription factors, promoter nucleosomes, and chromatin remodelers converges on the recruitment of RNA polymerase II for the initiation of transcriptional bursts.
Although post-translational modifications of histone have been associated with different bursting states, causal roles of non-histone modifications in regulating transcriptional bursts have recently been discovered.
Regulation of transcriptional bursting by enhancers can occur either through looping or by enhancer-associated phase-separated clusters containing components of transcriptional machinery and its regulators.
https://www.cell.com/trends/cell-biology/fulltext/S0962-8924(25)00180-1
