Glioblastoma prognosis

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and malignant brain tumor with a poor prognosis. The prognosis for GBM patients depends on various factors, including:

Clinical Factors
1. Age: Younger patients (≤ 50 years) tend to have a better prognosis than older patients.
2. Performance status: Patients with a good performance status (e.g., Karnofsky performance status ≥ 70) tend to have a better prognosis.
3. Tumor location: Tumors located in the frontal or temporal lobes tend to have a better prognosis than those located in the brainstem or cerebellum.

Molecular Factors
1. IDH1/2 mutation status: Patients with IDH1/2 mutations tend to have a better prognosis than those without mutations.
2. MGMT promoter methylation status: Patients with MGMT promoter methylation tend to have a better response to temozolomide and a better prognosis.
3. TERT promoter mutation status: Patients with TERT promoter mutations tend to have a poorer prognosis.

Treatment-Related Factors
1. Surgical resection: Patients who undergo gross total resection tend to have a better prognosis than those who undergo subtotal resection or biopsy only.
2. Radiation therapy: Patients who receive radiation therapy tend to have a better prognosis than those who do not.
3. Chemotherapy: Patients who receive temozolomide tend to have a better prognosis than those who do not.

Prognostic Models
1. Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RPA): The RPA model uses clinical factors (age, performance status, and tumor location) to predict overall survival.
2. Glioblastoma Assay for Molecular Predictors of Treatment Response (GAMPT): The GAMPT model uses molecular factors (IDH1/2 mutation status, MGMT promoter methylation status, and TERT promoter mutation status) to predict treatment response and overall survival.

Median Survival Times
1. Overall median survival time_: 12-15 months
2. Median survival time for patients with IDH1/2 mutations: 30-40 months
3. Median survival time for patients without IDH1/2 mutations: 12-15 months