Lipid metabolism dysregulation in dry eye disease
In addition to inflammatory condition, dry eye disease (DED) also involves disruption of lipid homeostasis.
The researchers in this review discuss the current evidence regarding the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of DED and lipid metabolic alterations in various eye tissues.
Impairment of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and the dysregulated synthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) that compromise meibum fluidity and stability are the key pathological mechanisms in DED.
In addition, an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and PUFAs causing chronic ocular surface inflammation and the metabolic shifts promoting lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis and systemic factors like aging and diabetes mellitus exacerbating ocular lipotoxicity is also discussed.
The authors also discuss various therapeutic strategies to treat DED.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1542012426000698
