REM sleep complexity
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a dynamic state comprising coordinated oscillatory and behavioral features across multiple timescales.
Developmental and evolutionary findings highlight REM sleep’s modularity and adaptability, revealing flexible yet structured recruitment of its components.
REM sleep is controlled by a hierarchical neural network, in which brainstem executive centers are modulated by hypothalamic and cerebral inputs and tuned by neuromodulatory signals.
Studies leveraging component- and circuit-specific manipulations are beginning to reveal causal roles of REM sleep in memory, emotion, and higher-order cognition.
https://www.cell.com/trends/neurosciences/fulltext/S0166-2236(25)00221-8
