How neuronal function is shaped by mitochondria
Despite the established links between mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal disorders, the specialization of mitochondria to support the specific demands of neurons has been less extensively explored.
Proper mitochondrial positioning influences an array of neuronal functions and processes, from neurodevelopment through synaptic transmission, due to the participation of mitochondria as local ATP suppliers, Ca2+ sinks, and sites of neurotransmitter synthesis.
In neurons, mitochondria are also crucial for local translation in axons and dendrites, to which they provide both local ATP and mRNA transport. In this way, mitochondria emerge as centers for neuronal plasticity.
https://www.cell.com/trends/neurosciences/fulltext/S0166-2236(25)00263-2
