Fibroblasts role in fast oral wound healing!

Wound healing in the oral cavity is exceptionally fast compared to that of skin. Also, the role of fibroblasts wound healing is not well understood.

This study utilizes murine and human tissue models and demonstrates increased alarmin cytokine (interleukin-33 (IL-33)) expression in oral fibroblasts.

IL-33 in turn activates regulatory T (Treg) cells, which respond by upregulating the expression of macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MIF) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) resulting in new blood vessel formation and resolution of inflammation for improved oral wound healing.

The authors also demonstrate that Il33 deletion in fibroblasts impairs oral wound healing.

Human oral mucosa harbors IL-33 fibroblasts in the reticular layer of connective tissue, and Treg cells express MIF and TGFB1 in regenerating human oral mucosa. 

https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(25)01601-8

https://sciencemission.com/Fibroblast-derived-alarmin-promotes-oral-wound--healing