Common origins of autoimmune diseases and lymphoid malignancies

Genetic lesions that drive the development of lymphoid malignancies are also identified in autoreactive lymphocytes of individuals with autoimmune disorders. 

In addition, transgenic mouse models with isolated genetic lesions in common lymphoma drivers frequently develop autoimmune diseases.

Pathological cell states, including aged/ autoimmune memory B cells, appear to be precursors to both lymphoid malignancies and autoimmunity.

Negative selection, which is classically considered a mechanism to prevent the development of autoreactive lymphocytes, also prevents the development of lymphoid malignancies.

Empirical treatments, notably glucocorticoids, were shown to be highly effective for both autoimmune diseases and lymphoid malignancies.

The authors propose a paradigm where autoimmune disorders and lymphoid malignancies are on a lymphocyte disease spectrum.

https://www.cell.com/trends/immunology/fulltext/S1471-4906(25)00177-2

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