Interferons in health and disease

Different interferons (IFNs) like types I, II, and III IFNs are structurally and functionally different signaling proteins, that act via an intricate network of Janus kinases, named after the Roman god of time and duality. 

IFNs have both protective roles during bacterial, viral, and fungal infections but can also drive numerous inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

The researchers in this review provide an overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms governing IFN induction and responses, with particular attention to mucosal tissues.

The authors also discuss how the balance is met in terms of IFN production to exert their protective functions and the detrimental consequences for the host when this balance is lost.

https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(25)00746-9

https://sciencemission.com/Interferons-in-health-and-disease